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References and Abbreviations
by Dr. Ralph F. Wilson
| 
   BDAG  | 
  
   Walter Bauer and Frederick W. Danker, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Third Edition; based on a previous English edition by W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich, and F.W. Danker; University of Chicago Press, 1957, 1979). This is the standard NT Greek-English Lexicon.  | 
 
| 
   BDB  | 
  
   Francis Brown, S.R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (Clarendon Press, 1907)  | 
 
| 
   Beasley-Murray  | 
  
   George R. Beasley-Murray, John (Word Biblical Commentary, vol. 36; Word, 1987)  | 
 
| 
   Death  | 
  
   Raymond E. Brown, Death of the Messiah (Doubleday, 1994), volumes 1 and 2.  | 
 
| 
   France  | 
  
   R.T. France, The Gospel of Matthew (New International Commentary on the New Testament; Eerdmans, 2007)  | 
 
| 
   ISBE  | 
  
   Geoffrey W. Bromiley (general editor), The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Eerdmans, 1979-1988; fully revised from the 1915 edition)  | 
 
| 
   Life & Times  | 
  
   Alfred Edersheim, The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah (2 volume edition; Eerdmans, 1969, reprinted from the third edition, 1886)  | 
 
| 
   Lane  | 
  
   William L. Lane, Commentary on the Gospel of Mark (New International Commentary on the New Testament; Eerdmans, 1974)  | 
 
| 
   Marshall  | 
  
   I. Howard Marshall, Commentary on Luke (New International Greek Testament Commentary; Eerdmans, 1978)  | 
 
| 
   Merriam-Webster  | 
  
   Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (Tenth Edition; Merriam-Webster, 1993)  | 
 
| 
   Morris  | 
  
   Leon Morris, The Gospel According To John (New International Commentary on the New Testament; Eerdmans, 1971)  | 
 
| 
   NIDNTT  | 
  
   Colin Brown (general editor), The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology (Zondervan, 1975-1978; translated with additions and revisions from Theologisches Begriffslexikon zum Neuen Testament, 1967-1971, three volume edition)  | 
 
| 
   Strack and Billerbeck  | 
  
   H.L. Strack und P. Billerbeck, Kommentar zum Neuen Testament aus Talmud und Midrasch (München, 1956)  | 
 
| 
   TDNT  | 
  
   Gerhard Kittel and Gerhard Friedrich (editors), Geoffrey W. Bromiley (translator and editor), Theological Dictionary of the New Testament (Eerdmans, 1964-1976; translated from Theologisches Wörterbuch zum Neuen Testament, ten volume edition)  | 
 
| 
   Thayer  | 
  
   Joseph Henry Thayer, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Associated Publishers and Authors, n.d., reprinted from 1889 edition, used in electronic form)  | 
 
Copyright © 2025, Ralph F. Wilson. <pastor
joyfulheart.com> All rights reserved. A single copy of this article is free. Do not put this on a website. See legal, copyright, and reprint information.




